Types of Brake Master Cylinders:
Single-Circuit Master Cylinder: An older design where a single piston controls the hydraulic pressure for all the wheels. If this system fails, all brakes would be compromised.

Dual-Circuit Master Cylinder: A more modern and safer design that splits the braking system into two separate circuits (usually front and rear). If one circuit fails, the other can still provide some braking power.

How It Works:
Brake Application: When the driver presses the brake pedal, the pushrod connected to the pedal pushes the piston inside the master cylinder.
Pressure Generation: The movement of the piston compresses the brake fluid, generating hydraulic pressure.
Fluid Movement: This pressure forces the brake fluid through the brake lines to the calipers or wheel cylinders.
Braking Action: The fluid pressure causes the brake pads or shoes to press against the rotors or drums, creating friction and slowing the vehicle.
Maintenance:
Fluid Check: Regularly check the brake fluid level in the master cylinder's reservoir to ensure it’s within the recommended range.
Fluid Quality: Brake fluid should be clean and free of contaminants. Dirty or degraded fluid should be replaced.
Seal Inspection: Inspect the seals for leaks, as damaged seals can lead to brake failure.
A properly functioning brake master cylinder is essential for vehicle safety, as it ensures consistent and reliable braking performance.